Which assessment type measures the effectiveness of instruction after the course concludes?

Summative assessment is designed to evaluate the overall effectiveness of instruction after a course is completed. This type of assessment typically occurs at the end of an instructional unit or program and measures the extent to which students have achieved the learning objectives. By focusing on the cumulative knowledge and skills acquired throughout the course, summative assessments provide valuable data for educators and stakeholders regarding the learning outcomes and the efficacy of the instructional methods utilized.

In contrast, formative assessment takes place during the learning process and is used to monitor student progress and inform teaching, while diagnostic assessment seeks to identify students' strengths and weaknesses prior to instruction. Norm-referenced assessment compares a student's performance to that of a broader group to understand their relative standing, rather than measuring the effectiveness of the instruction itself.